the_permalink(): => returns the URL of the post
the_title(): => returns the title of the post
the_ID(): => returns the unique ID of a post
the_content(): => returns the full content of the post
the_excerpt(): => returns the excerpt of the post
the_time(): => returns the date and time the post was published
the_author(): => returns the author of the post
the_tags(): => returns the tags attached to the post
the_category(): => returns the categories assignsed to the post
edit_post_link(): => displayed an edit link for appropriate logged in users
comments_popup_link(): => displays a link to the comments for for post
For a full list of available template tages go here